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Harvard University Degree Master of Liberal Arts Alm in Extension Studies Field Psychology

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Extension school of Harvard University

Harvard Extension Schoolhouse
ExtensionFlag.png

The school'due south coat of artillery. The wheat represents John Lowell's stipulation that courses price no more than than two bushels of wheat. The lamp represents learning and that classes were/are often held in the evenings.
Blazon Private extension school
Established 1910; 112 years ago  (1910) [one]

Parent institution

 Harvard University[2]
Dean Nancy Coleman
Students Total enrollment:
>xxx,000[3] [four]
Admitted candidates:
841 in ALB[v]
2,577 in ALM[5]
Location

Cambridge, Massachusetts

,

U.S.
Campus Urban
Website extension.harvard.edu

Harvard Extension School (HES) is the extension school of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Under the Division of Continuing Education in the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences, it offers more than than 900 on-campus, online, and hybrid liberal arts and professional courses, primarily catered to adult learners. The school also offers graduate and undergraduate degrees, academic certificates, and a pre-medical programme. While courses are generally open enrollment, degree candidate admission requires "B or improve" grades in caste-credit coursework at Harvard followed by an application and a formal admissions decision.

History

Yr[one] Enrollment
1910–eleven 863
1914[6] 1,034
1915[6] 1,488
1919[7] ~1,300
1922–23[8] 1,727
1930–31 ane,690
1934–35 871
1942–43 808
1945–46 ane,243
1946–47 1,528
1947–48 ane,955
1951–52 2,062
1952–53[one] [9] 2,141
1956–57 2,890
1959–sixty 5,500+
1962–63 7,448
1963–64 8,435
1963–64 8,693
1971–72 10,000+
1974–75 ix,677
1975–76 9,705
1977–78 ~11,677
1979–80 12,567
1981–82 17,034
1983–84 19,561
1984–85 twenty,366
1986–87 20,578
1990–91 ~22,500
1999–2000 ~24,000
2007–08 25,000+
2018 30,000[4] [iii]

Founded in 1910 by Harvard President A. Lawrence Lowell, the Harvard Extension Schoolhouse grew out of the Lowell Constitute, created according to the terms of a bequest by John Lowell. Information technology was designed to serve the educational interests and needs of the Greater Boston community,[10] particularly those "who had the ability and desire to attend college, but also had other obligations that kept them from traditional schools."[eleven] Information technology has since extended its academic resources worldwide.

During the 1920s, affiliates traveled effectually New England to teach courses offsite.[12] While they were primarily aimed at teachers, courses were offered whenever 40 or more than students expressed an interest.[12] Professors traveled on a weekly basis to places as far abroad as Yonkers, New York,[12] some 200 miles away.

In the early on years, a commission composed of several Boston area schools ran the courses, though it was largely a Harvard-run program.[9] [xiii] [14] Early faculty included Charles Townsend Copeland, William Yandell Elliott, William L. Langer, Oscar Handlin, Perry Miller, John Kenneth Galbraith, and Frank Grand. Carpenter.[15]

In his will, John Lowell asked his successors to develop courses "more erudite and item corresponding to the age and wants of the age."[9] By the 50th ceremony of the Committee of Extension in 1960, more than than i,400 courses had been offered for a full of over 85,000 enrollments.[16] Lowell's heritance limited tuition to no more than "two bushels of wheat." During the Bang-up Depression, this amounted to roughly $5 per semester course.[17]

Several years after his retirement, President Lowell wrote that the Extension courses "have given a service to the public ... which seems to me of the utmost importance."[18] In the 2010s, more than than 100 years subsequently its founding, the Extension School's classes were described as "surprisingly affordable"[19] and the school itself was said to be a "thriving establishment."[twenty]

Degree evolution

The Extension School currently offers 2 degrees (and has offered these degrees since 1979): the Bachelor of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies (ALB) and the Chief of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies (ALM).[21] From 1911 to 1933, the school offered an Associate in Arts, and from 1933 to 1960, it offered an Adjunct in Arts.[21] Both were considered the equivalent of a bachelor'southward degree.[21] From 1971 to 2014, the schoolhouse offered an Associate of Arts in Extension Studies (AA), the equivalent of a two-year degree.[21]

Degree-name controversy

A proposal earlier the Kinesthesia of Arts and Sciences in 2009 and 2010 to rename the school and the degrees offered was not accustomed.[22] [23] A commission led by Professor of Computer Science Harry R. Lewis proposed renaming the school the "Harvard School of Continuing and Professional Studies" and dropping the words "in Extension Studies" from degrees so that the school would offer Bachelor of Liberal Arts, Master of Liberal Arts, and Primary of Professional person Studies degrees. Some faculty objected, saying that those degrees were also similar to "Bachelor of Arts" and "Master of Arts" degrees already offered by the college and the Graduate Schoolhouse of Arts and Sciences.[23]

In 2016, a student group calling itself the Harvard Extension Degree Change Initiative rallied in front of Academy Hall to call for removing "Extension Studies" from the caste name and calculation a student'southward field of written report instead.[24] The Harvard Crimson editorialized in favor, urging Harvard to "consider changing the title of Extension School degrees to include the field of written report rather than the cryptic 'Extension Studies.'"[24] While the school retains "Extension Studies" in official degree titles, transcripts reflect students' area of academic concentration.

In 2019, and then-Dean Huntington D. Lambert stated agreement with pupil complaints that degrees awarded past the Harvard Extension School should be rephrased to more than accurately reflect students' programs of study, but he was not successful in making whatsoever changes.[25]

Deans

At that place accept been 7 deans in the school's history:[26]

  • James Hardy Ropes, Chairman of Commission on Extension Courses, Dean of Academy Extension, 1910–1922
  • Arthur F. Whittem, Chairman of Commission on Extension Courses, Director of University Extension, 1922–1946
  • George West. Adams, Chairman of Committee on Extension Courses, Manager of Academy Extension, 1946–1949
  • Reginald H. Phelps, Chairman of Committee on Extension Courses, Director of Academy Extension, 1949–1975
  • Michael Shinagel, Manager of Standing Education and University Extension, 1975–1977, and Dean of Continuing Education and University Extension, 1977–2013
  • Huntington D. Lambert, Dean of Standing Educational activity and University Extension, 2013–2019[a]
  • Nancy Coleman, Dean of the Division of Continuing Instruction, 2020–nowadays[28]

Academics

Year Courses offered
1910[1] 16
1915–15[1] 24
1918–xix[ane] 33
1921–22[1] 22
1922–23[viii] 27
1923–24[eight] 29
1951–52[1] 30
1953–54[9] 32
1956–57[1] 37
1959–threescore[one] 56
1962–63[1] 70
1971–72[1] 144
1974–75[1] 135
1975–76[i] ~200
1979–80[1] 316
1980–81[1] 335
1981–82[one] 398
1983–84[1] 480
1984–85[i] 527
1986–87[1] 575
1999–2000[i] 584
2016[29] ~800
2018[4] [b]
2019[30] >900

Office of the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard Extension Schoolhouse offers more than than 900 on-campus and online courses, most of which have open enrollment.[31] The number of courses offered has continuously grown over the school's history.

Students may enroll full or part-time, and classes may be taken on campus, via distance-learning, or both. In order to earn an bookish degree, students must complete a minimum number of on-campus-only credits at Harvard.[c]

Non-caste students have admission to the Harvard Library, including electronic resources and select computer facilities.[32] Those registered for a form at the Extension School may also access writing tutorials at the Writing Heart besides every bit assistance with math and related courses at the Math Question Center.[32] [33] [34] Career services and academic advising are offered through the school's Career and Academic Resource Center.[32] [35]

Ropes, the school'due south beginning dean, said that "our aim will be to give the young people of Boston who have heretofore been prevented from securing a higher instruction the same instruction they would receive were they undergraduates at Harvard."[36] The Harvard Undergraduate Council institute in a 2020 study of Extension courses that 156 were identical or virtually identical to courses at Harvard College and 95 were equivalent or similar, while 344 were unique to the Extension School.[37] [38] A New York Times guidebook stated that professors said some courses were "near identical."[39] [40] Courses at the higher were $5,966.25 each in 2020, and courses at the Extension School were 69% less at $1,840.[37]

A number of on-campus Harvard courses are recorded and offered to Extension students online. For these courses, office hours and other student support are typically available through alive or asynchronous software. Extension degree candidates may also apply for "Special Student status" to enroll for upwards to two courses in Harvard College, Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, or another Harvard Graduate School.[41] The majority of instructors at the Extension Schoolhouse, 52%, are Harvard affiliates; 48% are faculty from other schools and industry professionals.[29] Nobel laureate Roy J. Glauber has taught Extension courses.[39]

Students may enroll total or part-time, and classes may be taken on campus, via distance-learning, or both. In order to earn an academic degree, students must complete a minimum number of on-campus-merely credits at Harvard.[d]

Accreditation and partnerships

Harvard University is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges.[four]

Harvard Business School Online's Credential of Readiness (CORe) programme can be counted for Extension School undergraduate academic credit.[42] [43]

The graduate programme in Museum Studies has a partnership with the Smithsonian Institution.[44] The partnered courses include 2 agile learning weekends in Washington, D.C.[44]

Pre-medical plan

A pre-medical program was established at the Extension School in 1980.[45] Students who successfully complete the program are eligible for sponsorship and a committee letter of support in their applications to medical school.[46]

Distance education

History

Harvard Extension was a pioneer in altitude education.[4] Starting time on December 5, 1949, courses were offered on the Lowell Institute's new radio station. New Englanders could become to college six nights a week at 7:30 in their living rooms simply by tuning into courses on psychology, world history, and economics.[48] The first form on radio was by Peter A. Bertocci of Boston University.

The radio courses proved to exist so successful that when the television station WGBH went on the air in October 1951 they began dissemination an Extension class every weekday at three:30 and 7:30.[49] The first course, offered by Robert G. Albion, was on European Imperialism.[50] In the tardily 1960s, three of the televised courses were offered in the Deer Isle Prison.[51] Students who watched the courses on tv could nourish six "conferences" and take a mid-term and a last exam at Harvard in order to gain credit for the class.[l]

Every bit of 2014[update], distance-learning courses at Harvard Extension School are offered in two formats: asynchronous video courses (lectures are recorded and uploaded within 24 hours of on-campus class meetings); and live spider web-conference courses (courses are streamed live, and typically allow for synchronous participation from students via a secondary online platform).

The first online courses were offered in 1997.[29] Between 2013 and 2016, the number of online classes grew from 200 to more than 450.[29]

Awards and honors

The Dean'due south Prize for Outstanding Master of Liberal Arts thesis is awarded during commencement ceremonies and includes a medal, a document, and a monetary award. Information technology is awarded to a educatee whose graduate thesis "embodies the highest level of imaginative scholarship."[52] In addition to the Dean'south Prize for Outstanding ALM Thesis, there are several other prizes, including the Derek Bok Public Service Prizes.[53] [54]

Degree programs

The Harvard Extension School edifice

To be eligible to employ to the Extension School'southward degree programs, students must "earn [their] style in" past passing the Test of Critical Reading and Writing Skills as well equally completing two or iii designated admission classes with a B or better.[29] In 2016, then-Dean Huntington D. Lambert said that 32% of those who want to pursue an undergraduate degree (ALB) earn the grades necessary for admission, making admissions "very selective."[29] If the access requirements are met, acceptance is not guaranteed just very likely. About 85% of those admitted successfully earn their degree (ALB).[29]

ALB students may graduate cum laude, only magna- and summa- cum laude are non offered. Extension students may earn the Dean'southward List Academic Accomplishment Award upon graduation based on a high GPA (at to the lowest degree three.5 for ALB, 3.8 for ALM).[55] Many courses are offered online, merely a caste cannot exist earned entirely online as students are required to have classes on campus before earning their degree.[29]

Students who wish to earn degrees must be formally admitted by the Admissions Committee.[56] Admitted degree candidates are granted full privileges to Harvard's libraries, facilities, and student resources, also as access to Harvard's museums and academic workshops.[57] Equally of 2019–20, an undergraduate degree toll about $58,800, and a graduate degree cost near $28,400–$34,080.[31]

Of the over 30,000 students enrolled in the Extension Schoolhouse,[3] [iv] 841 are admitted degree candidates for the Bachelor of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies (ALB) and ii,577 are admitted degree candidates for the Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies (ALM).[five]

Available of Liberal Arts (ALB)

The undergraduate curriculum requires expository writing, quantitative reasoning, foreign language, moral reasoning, upper-level coursework, and an area of concentration.[58] The expository writing course is known as a "gatekeeper course" as it will typically "determine whether [students] are prepared for the intensive and demanding curriculum."[56]

In one case admitted as an ALB degree candidate, students must successfully complete 128 credits[58] (Harvard courses are typically iv credits each) and maintain good academic continuing to come across graduation requirements.[59] Upon admission into the ALB program, students may petition to transfer up to a maximum of 64 credits from other accredited post-secondary institutions, but 64 credits must be completed at Harvard.[59] Students select one of three "areas of concentration" which are humanities, science, and social sciences.[59]

ALB caste candidates are too required to consummate a minimum of xvi on-campus-only credits at Harvard;[60] students must also complete a minimum of 12 writing-intensive credits and earn a minimum of 52 credits in courses that are taught by Harvard instructors.[58] In addition to a concentration, degree candidates have the option to pursue one of 20 "fields of report" (similar to majors).[61] In social club to successfully complete a field of written report, students must earn a B− or higher in 32 Harvard credits in one field, and maintain a B average in the field.[59] Students may too complement their degree with upward to two minors.[61]

Undergraduate admissions

Undergraduate degree programs require pre-admission courses besides as a formal application process.[62] Students must also hold a "high school diploma or its equivalent [which] must have been earned at least v years prior to enrolling in any ALB degree-applicable courses."[63] Students applying for degree candidacy must complete three 4-credit liberal arts courses at Harvard with at to the lowest degree a B class in each, and maintain a minimum 3.0 cumulative GPA. Ane of these three pre-admission courses must be EXPO E-25.[58] To enroll in this course, students must either pass a placement test, which measures critical reading and writing skills, or enroll in EXPO E-xv (a form that acts as a precursor to EXPO E-25).[62] Students failing to earn at to the lowest degree a B in a course can retake it once. Those who meet all these criteria are then eligible to use for admission into the school's undergraduate degree programs.

Master of Liberal Arts (ALM)

The Principal of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies (ALM) includes nineteen liberal arts fields of study and seven professional degree programs (Biotechnology, Data Technology, Journalism, Management, Mathematics for Teaching, Museum Studies, & Sustainability).[64] Except for Museum Studies (10 courses), all ALM candidates must complete 12 courses—48 credit hours—with most requiring a thesis or capstone projection crafted nether the direction of an teacher or faculty member holding a educational activity appointment in the Harvard Kinesthesia of Arts and Sciences.[65]

Graduate admissions

Application to a graduate caste program requires an accredited bachelor's caste (or foreign equivalent), passing the Test of Disquisitional Reading and Writing Skills, the completion of two or iii designated pre-admission courses with grades of B or higher, and a cumulative form-indicate average of 3.0. One of the pre-admission courses must exist the "proseminar" class for the intended area of study, which is alike to a traditional research methods course.[62] Some disciplines take additional specified pre-admission coursework, while others have specific coursework that is required before submitting a master's thesis proposal (biology and psychology students must take a specific graduate statistics course). In add-on, several programs require supplemental application materials; for instance, Creative Writing and Literature ALM candidates must submit original manuscripts.[66] Students who meet these criteria are so eligible to submit an application for access into the graduate degree programs (ALM).

A student who fails to earn a grade of B after twice enrolling in the proseminar course—oftentimes considered a "gatekeeper" course—will be denied access indefinitely.[67]

Students who graduate from the Extension School go part of the Harvard Alumni Clan. Extension students have dedicated study spaces, conferences rooms, an Extension library, and access to the dining hall in Lehman Hall.[68] Alpha Sigma Lambda, the national honor society for nontraditional students, has a Harvard chapter.[69] There is a student regime torso for the Harvard Extension School which participates in the Harvard Graduate Council.[70] Admitted degree candidates have access to many of the aforementioned student privileges of other Harvard alumni.[71] Candidates may, for instance, access:

  • Harvard ID
  • Addition to Harvard student directory ("name, school affiliation, and email accost is automatically included in the public and internal Harvard University online directories.")
  • Athletic facilities
  • Harvard libraries and museums
  • Off-campus housing

The class of 2019, the largest class to engagement, had 1,184 graduates.[72] The graduates had an boilerplate age of 37 and were nearly evenly split between the genders, with 54% being male.[72] 49 countries were represented in the graduating class.[72]

In 2016, 96% of the students enrolled for professional enrichment.[29] [four] Half took a single course, and half were pursuing a caste.[29] The increment in online course offerings has fueled growth, and students from more than 150 countries are enrolled.[29] In 2017, the school educated more students than all of the balance of Harvard combined.[4]

In 2000, there were xiv,216 students, with the youngest in their early teens and the oldest in their late 80s.[73] [56] There is often a bridge of sixty years between the oldest and youngest students,[74] and students as young every bit 11 years sometime accept taken courses alongside those one-time enough to be their grandparents.[75] Of the students enrolled in 2000, 75% had a bachelor's degree and 20% had a graduate degree. More than ane,700 were Harvard employees using the Tuition Assistance Program, and an estimated 10–fifteen% were exclusively online students. Of the 255 Certificate of Special Studies graduates that year, 163 were international students hailing from 39 countries.[73]

In the early on 2000s, at that place were 208 students nether the age of xviii.[26] About attended local loftier schools, only a growing number were abode-schooled.[26] The Extension School now requires that a high school diploma or its equivalent is earned at least five years prior to enrolling in any courses applicable to its undergraduate degree.[76] [77]

Harvard Extension School enrolls nigh four,000 international students each year.[78] To be admitted to courses or degrees, a student must prove proficiency in the English linguistic communication. If English language is not a student's native language, then he or she must submit an official TOEFL or IELTS score with a minimum score of 100 for the TOEFL or a minimum score of 7.0 for the IELTS. International students, similar American students, must meet the on-campus-only class requirements to earn a degree. The Extension School does not issue I-20s for the F-1 visa only the Summer School does.[78] In 2013, students came from 118 countries and 46 states.[56]

Alumni

Yr Associate Bachelor'south Primary's References
1913–1933 120 northward/a due north/a [ane] [α]
1934–1936 24 due north/a northward/a [1] [α]
1937–1952 78 due north/a n/a [ane] [α]
1953 half-dozen n/a n/a [1] [α]
1954–1962 57 n/a due north/a [ane] [α]
1963 northward/a 14 north/a [1]
1964 northward/a 22 n/a [1]
1966 n/a 35 due north/a [1]
1967 n/a 31 northward/a [i]
1968 n/a 48 n/a [ane]
1971 n/a 38 due north/a [one]
1972 44 54 n/a [1]
1975 37 42 n/a [1]
1976 <82 <82 n/a [1] [β]
1980 northward/a ? one [1]
1981 n/a ? 3 [1]
1982 n/a 91 fifteen [i]
1985 northward/a <158 <158 [one] [β]
1987 n/a <143 <143 [1] [β]
2000 <226 <226 <226 [1] [β]
2008 7 111 91 [1]
2013 <645 <645 <645 [thirty] [β]
2014 5 152 539 [79]
2016 8 148 627 [lxxx]
2017 7 144 706 [81]
2018 4 153 890 [82]
2019 3 159 962 [83] [30]
2020 ? 166 one,070 [84]
  1. ^ a b c d e From 1913 until 1932 Harvard offered Associate in Arts degrees, and from 1933 until 1962 it awarded Adjunct in Arts degrees. Both were considered the equivalent of a available's degree.
  2. ^ a b c d e Only aggregate numbers were reported for these years.

Notes

  1. ^ Betwixt Lambert's retirement and Coleman's engagement, Henry H. Leitner served equally interim dean.[27]
  2. ^ Approximately 600 of the courses were offered online.
  3. ^ northward.b. These requirements vary for each degree, from iv classes in residency for the ALB or the ALM/Biology, two semesters residency requirement for the general ALM, and up to 50% residency requirement for the ALM/Direction. It is therefore not possible to receive an bookish caste solely through distance learning.
  4. ^ due north.b. These requirements vary for each degree, from four classes in residency for the ALB or the ALM/Biology, two semesters residency requirement for the general ALM, and upward to 50% residency requirement for the ALM/Management. Information technology is therefore non possible to receive an academic caste solely through distance learning.

References

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External links

  • Official website

Coordinates: 42°22′27″Northward 71°07′18″West  /  42.3743°Due north 71.1216°Due west  / 42.3743; -71.1216

shelleymisho1993.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Extension_School

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